Dissociative Identity Disorder, formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder, is a mental disorder characterized by the presence of two or more personalities. One alters or another act based on their own way of processing stimuli, behaving, or making sense of things. This complicated disease affects an individual in many ways, and therefore it is important to know the causes of this disease, its manifestations, and available therapies.
In this blog, we are going to discuss more about Multiple Personality Disorder and try to differentiate it from other mental disorders like Bipolar Disorder Treatment and Schizophrenia. We will also briefly discuss some coping strategies and lifestyle changes people can undertake to manage DID.
What is Multiple Personality Disorder?
MPD, or Dissociative Identity Disorder, is a condition where one person has different personalities. Each identity has its own name, conduct, and way of thinking. Transition between these identities can be abrupt and can be triggered by stress or traumatic incidents. Many see this disorder as a result of abuse or traumatic events during the subject’s childhood.
How is Multiple Personality Disorder Diagnosed?
There are similarities with many other conditions when diagnosing DID, such as Schizophrenia and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Mental health professionals use interviews and questionnaires to identify these alternative personalities. Other relevant symptoms include memory lapses, or amnesia, and dissociative blackouts, along with behavioral changes that help clinicians differentiate DID from other disorders such as Narcissistic Behavior or Huntington’s Disease.
Causes and Risk Factors MPD is most often related to acute, chronic, and complex trauma during early infancy. Abuse, neglect, and other stress-related factors can make children develop dissociative behavior as a protective mechanism. Over time, these dissociative episodes can evolve into different personalities as a way for the mind to cope with unbearable experiences. This coping mechanism is frequently associated with PTSD, where the mind splits to shield itself from traumatic experiences.
Symptoms of Multiple Personality Disorder
Symptoms of MPD include dissociative symptoms, auditory and visual hallucinations, and mood and anxiety symptoms, which are also present in conditions such as ALS vs MS and Bipolar Disorder. Common symptoms include:
- Distinct Personalities: Each identity has a different name, age, gender, upbringing, or education.
- Memory Gaps: Those with Dissociative Identity Disorder may experience “missing time,” where they don’t recall events that happened when another identity was present.
- Altered Behaviors: Different modes of thinking cause behavioral shifts, making daily life unpredictable.
- Mood Swings: Erratic mood swings are common, similar to those in Bipolar Disorder Treatment.
What are the Differences between DID and Schizophrenia?
One common misconception is equating Multiple Personality Disorder with Schizophrenia. However, these are two different disorders. Schizophrenia is related to hallucinations, paranoia, and delusions, whereas DID involves multiple personalities. Both are disabling and negatively impact the patient’s quality of life, requiring intervention from a specialist.
Managing Stress and Triggers Stress management is crucial for people with DID. Practicing strategies such as Time Management and participating in therapeutic activities can help manage daily stress. This is important because stress often causes shifts between personalities, so engaging in relaxation activities like yoga or going to the gym can be beneficial.
Therapies for Multiple Personality Disorder Treating DID often involves therapies aimed at integrating the different personalities into a cohesive self. Treatment focuses on increasing awareness of the multiple identities and teaching the individual to control them.
Psychotherapy Cognitive behavioral therapy, commonly known as talk therapy, is extensively used to treat DID. It helps integrate different self-states into a single, cohesive self. During sessions, therapists work with individuals to analyze the effects of past trauma and address current stress.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) CBT helps address irrational or negative thinking patterns common in DID. It’s especially beneficial for managing anxiety disorders, which are typical in DID patients. CBT equips individuals with skills to combat Thinking Traps and manage symptoms related to anxiety disorders.
Life Changes for Managing DID Living with DID requires consistent, sometimes radical, lifestyle changes. Mood swings and stress often trigger identity switches, so establishing healthy habits is crucial.
Physical Exercise Engaging in regular physical exercise, like strength training or yoga, is beneficial. The endorphins released during exercise can help control symptoms related to depression and anxiety. Breathing In or Out exercises are particularly helpful for managing stress and reducing identity shifts.
Nutrition and Diet A balanced diet is essential for managing DID, as it provides essential vitamins and nutrients. Certain Vitamins for Digestion and a Cholesterol Lowering Diet can help maintain physical health, which indirectly supports mental health.
Routine and Structure Creating a daily schedule helps reduce stress and provides structure for individuals with DID. A structured environment decreases the likelihood of personality shifts. Organizing and planning can provide a sense of control, reinforcing stability.
Stress Management: Coping Styles and Sources Though DID is a challenging disorder, individuals can lead normal lives with adequate support. Families can seek support groups or share coping strategies to help manage the condition. It’s essential to engage in therapy, as DID can be overwhelming without proper treatment.
Seeking Support from Mental Health Professionals: Mental health professionals can provide essential support for managing DID. Patients are encouraged to consult psychologists or psychiatrists to develop therapeutic strategies for managing symptoms. Professionals also provide information on related disorders, such as Schizophrenia or Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.
Having Family and Social Support: People with DID often rely on family and friends, especially during distressing episodes. Positive support can help individuals feel accepted and understood. Strong social relationships can reduce the occurrence of triggers and provide reassurance during challenging times.
10 Common Myths about Dissociative Identity Disorder
Although Multiple Personality Disorder is widely misunderstood, here are a few myths that need clarification:
Myth #1: People with DID are dangerous. This is generally false; most people with DID are not dangerous to others.
Myth #2: DID is a form of attention-seeking. DID often results from childhood abuse and has no connection to attention-seeking behavior.
Myth #3: DID is the same as Schizophrenia. DID involves multiple identities, while Schizophrenia is related to hallucinations and delusions.
FAQs
What triggers Multiple Personality Disorder?
Traumatic childhood experiences, abuse, or severe stress.
How is DID diagnosed?
Through psychological assessments, interviews, and tests.
Can DID be cured?
There’s no cure, but therapy helps control symptoms.
Is DID the same as Bipolar Disorder?
No, DID involves multiple personalities, while Bipolar Disorder involves mood swings.
Is DID affected by lifestyle changes?
Yes, exercise, diet, and a structured routine can help manage symptoms.
Is DID a type of Schizophrenia?
No, they are different mental illnesses with distinct symptoms.
Can medication help with DID?
Medication may help treat accompanying anxiety or depression.
Is DID hereditary?
DID isn’t directly hereditary, but mental health disorders can run in families.
Do individuals with DID know about their other personalities?
Some are aware, while others are not.
Can stress worsen DID symptoms?
Yes, stress can trigger identity switches and worsen symptoms.
Therefore, after exploring Multiple Personality Disorder and its characteristics, it is essential to bring more attention and support to those living with DID.
